Guide · 483 topics
Microbiology: Topic List
Concise topic reviews following the medical school curriculum: definitions, key facts, morphology, and common questions for classes and exams. Find the topic matching your syllabus.
Introduction to Microbiology and Immunology 12
Introduction to Microbiology and ImmunologyPathogenicity of MicroorganismsMedical Microbiology as a ScienceFundamentals of ImmunologyHistory of Microbiology DevelopmentDiscovery of Viruses and Evolution of InfectionsPhysiological period in microbiologyImmunological period of microbiologyMolecular-genetic period in microbiologyRussian microbiologyClinical significance of microbiology and immunologyVaccine production
Morphology and Classification of Microbes 25
Morphology and classification of microbesBacterial morphologySpirochetesSpirochaetesActinomycetesActinobacteriaRickettsiaeRickettsiaChlamydiaChlamydiaeMycoplasmasTenericutesBacterial cell structureBacterial cell wallGram stainCell wall of Gram-negative bacteriaCytoplasmic membrane and cytoplasm of bacteriaBacterial nucleoid and plasmidsBacterial capsuleBacterial flagella and piliFlagella et FimbriaeBacterial sporesMorphology and classification of fungiFungiZygomycetesZygomycotaAscomycetesAscomycotaDeuteromycetesDeuteromycotaMorphology and classification of protozoaProtozoaMorphology and classification of virusesViraMorphology and structure of virusesViraVirus classificationPrionsPriones
Additional Topics 29
Classification of microorganisms in microbiologyMorphology and physiology of bacteriophagesAntibiotic biosynthesisVaccine strainsFungal geneticsDTaP vaccinationBCG vaccinationMechanism of action of antisepticsMolecular virologyMethods in virologyVaccination and routes of vaccine administrationViral vaccinesCell culture-derived vaccinesMicrobiological culture for microfloraUrine culture analysisAnaerobic microorganismsSources of pathogenic microorganismsBacterial infectionsForms of infectionStreptococciMorphology and physiology of microorganismsPhysiology of yeasts and lactobacilliTyphoid vaccineViral vectorsComplex staining methods in microbiologyProkaryotes and eukaryotesDiagnosis of tuberculosisAntimicrobial effect of alcoholsLaboratory diagnostics of syphilis
Microbial ecology — microecology 14
Microbial ecologySoil microfloraAquatic microfloraAir microfloraFood microfloraPlant microfloraRole of microorganisms in biogeochemical cyclesNormal human microfloraDysbiosisEffect of environmental factors on microorganismsMicrobial interactionsSterilizationDisinfection, asepsis, and antisepsisSanitary microbiology
Microbial Physiology 29
Chemical composition of bacteriaBacterial nutritionCulture media for bacteriaBacterial metabolismFermentationBacterial respirationAnabolic metabolism in bacteriaTransport of substances and secretion in bacteriaDNA replication in bacteriaBacterial growth and reproductionBacterial cultivation conditionsPhysiology of fungiPhysiology of protozoaViral reproductionViral genome replicationReproduction of hepadnavirusesHepadnaviridaeReproduction of negative-sense single-stranded RNA virusesReproduction of retrovirusesRetroviridaeReproduction of positive-sense single-stranded RNA virusesVirus formation and assemblyAbortive infectionIntegrative infection (Virogeny)Persistence and latent viral infectionViral cultivationCell cultures in virologyViral indicationBacteriophagesBacteriophagaTemperate bacteriophages and lysogenyPractical application of bacteriophages
Microbial Genetics 14
Microbial geneticsPlasmidsMobile genetic elements in bacteriaMutations in bacteriaDNA repair in bacteriaMechanisms of genetic information transfer in bacteriaBacterial conjugationTransductionBacterial transformationViral geneticsRestriction analysisMolecular hybridization methodPolymerase chain reactionRibotyping method
Biotechnology. Genetic Engineering 4
Antimicrobial Chemotherapeutic Drugs 12
Chemotherapeutic Antimicrobial AgentsHistory of AntibioticsAntibioticsAntibioticaBeta-Lactam AntibioticsMacrolides and AzalidesSynthetic Antimicrobial AgentsMechanisms of Action of Antimicrobial AgentsComplications of Antimicrobial ChemotherapyAntimicrobial ResistanceMethods for Determining Antibiotic SusceptibilityRational Antibiotic TherapyAntiviral Agents
Immune Characteristics in Various Localizations... 13
Barrier Tissue and Mucosal Immunitytunica mucosaBronchopulmonary Tract ImmunityGastrointestinal Tract ImmunityUrogenital Tract ImmunityCutaneous Immune SystemAntibacterial ImmunityAntiviral ImmunityAntifungal ImmunityAntiprotozoal and Antihelmintic ImmunityTransplantation ImmunityAntitumor ImmunityImmune StatusDiagnosis of Allergy
Pathology of the Immune System 8
ImmunodeficienciesImmunodeficientiaClassification of Primary ImmunodeficienciesSecondary ImmunodeficienciesAutoimmune DiseasesMorbi autoimmunesSystemic Lupus ErythematosusLupus erythematosus systemicusRheumatoid ArthritisArthritis rheumatoidesSjögren's SyndromeSyndromum SjogrenSystemic VasculitidesVasculitis systemica
Study of Infection 9
Host Reactivity Factors and Infectious ProcessEnvironmental Impact on the Infectious ProcessInfectious Disease and Its StagesOutcomes and Classification of the Infectious ProcessViral PathogenicityTypes of Viral InfectionEpidemic ProcessEcological and Epidemiological Classification of InfectionsParticularly Dangerous and Quarantine Infections
Immunodiagnostic Reactions 10
Basics of ImmunodiagnosticsAgglutination ReactionIndirect Hemagglutination and Other Types of AgglutinationBlood Group and Rh Factor DeterminationPrecipitation ReactionComplement-Mediated ReactionsNeutralization ReactionImmunofluorescence AssayEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayModern Methods of Immunodiagnostics
Immunoprophylactic Agents 9
Microbiological diagnostics 10
Microbiological diagnosticsMicroscopic diagnostic methodCulture diagnostic methodBiological diagnostic methodIn vivoSerological diagnostic methodIn vitroAllergological diagnostic methodMolecular genetic diagnostic methodPhysicochemical diagnostic methodsOrganization of a microbiological laboratoryMicrobiological research methods
Study of Immunity 24
Doctrine of immunityOrgans of the immune systemAntigensMajor histocompatibility complexMajor histocompatibility complexSuperantigensClusters of differentiationCluster of differentiationInnate immunityAdaptive immunityPhagocytosis and the macrophage systemGranulocytesCells of innate immunityInnate immunity receptorsHumoral factors of innate immunityT-lymphocytesB-lymphocytesImmunoglobulins D and EImmunoglobulinumGenetics of antibody productionDynamics of the immune responseImmunological toleranceHypersensitivity reactionsType I hypersensitivityType II hypersensitivityType III hypersensitivityType IV hypersensitivity
Cocci 12
Cocci (general characteristics)Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus aureusStreptococcus pyogenesStreptococcus pyogenesStreptococcus agalactiaeStreptococcus agalactiaePneumococcusStreptococcus pneumoniaeEnterococciEnterococcusNeisseriaNeisseriaMeningococcusNeisseria meningitidisGonococcusNeisseria gonorrhoeaeAnaerobic gram-positive cocciAnaerobic gram-negative cocciVeillonellaEnterobacteriaEnterobacteriaceae
Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacilli (Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, etc.) 5
Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacilli (Bordetella pertussis, Brucella, Francisella tularensis, Legionella, Coxiella burnetii/Q fever, Bartonella, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Acinetobacter, etc.) 12
PasteurellaPasteurellaBordetella pertussis and parapertussis agentsBordetellaBrucellaBrucellaTularemia agentFrancisella tularensisLegionellaLegionellaQ fever agentCoxiella burnetiiBartonellaBartonellaPseudomonas aeruginosaPseudomonas aeruginosaBurkholderiaBurkholderiaKingellaKingellaMoraxellaMoraxellaAcinetobacterAcinetobacter
Regular Gram-Positive Bacilli (Lactobacillus, Listeria) 2
Gram-Positive Spore-Forming Bacilli (Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium: Tetanus, Botulism, Gas Gangrene, C. difficile) 8
Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic Bacilli (Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrio, Haemophilus, Pasteurella) 16
Microbiological testsEscherichia coliEscherichia coliKlebsiellaKlebsiellaShigellaShigellaSalmonellaSalmonellaProteusProteusYersiniaYersiniaVibrioVibrioPathogenicity factors of Vibrio choleraeCholera epidemiologyClinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of choleraHalophilic vibriosVibrioAeromonasAeromonasHaemophilus bacteriaHaemophilusHaemophilus influenzaeHaemophilus influenzaeChancroid agentHaemophilus ducreyi
Spirochetes and Spiral Bacteria (Treponema/Syphilis, Borrelia/Lyme Disease and Relapsing Fevers, Leptospira, Campylobacter, Helicobacter) 8
Rickettsiae 4
Anaplasma, Ehrlichia 4
Mycoplasma 3
Irregular Gram-Positive Bacilli (Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Mycobacterium/Tuberculosis and Leprosy, Actinomyces, Nocardia, Bifidobacterium, Gardnerella, etc.) 10
CorynebacteriumCorynebacteriumDiphtheria agentCorynebacterium diphtheriaeMycobacteriaMycobacteriumTuberculosis agentMycobacterium tuberculosisLeprosy agentMycobacterium lepraeNontuberculous mycobacteriaNocardiaNocardiaBifidobacteriaBifidobacteriumPropionibacteriaPropionibacteriumGardnerella vaginalisGardnerella vaginalis
Chlamydia 6
Reoviruses (Rotaviruses) 3
Picornaviruses (Enteroviruses, Poliovirus, Coxsackie, ECHO, Rhinoviruses, Hepatitis A) 6
Bunyaviruses (Hemorrhagic Fevers, Hantaviruses) 4
Togaviruses (Alphaviruses, Rubella) 4
Orthomyxoviruses (Influenza) 8
OrthomyxovirusesOrthomyxoviridaeStructure of the influenza virusInfluenzavirusInfluenza virus replicationAntigenic structure and variation of the influenza virusEpidemiology of influenzaPathogenesis and clinical features of influenzaMicrobiological diagnosis of influenzaTreatment and prevention of influenza
Flaviviruses (Yellow Fever, Tick-Borne Encephalitis, Dengue, Japanese Encephalitis, West Nile Virus) 7
Paramyxoviruses (Parainfluenza, Mumps, Measles, RSV) 5
Rhabdoviruses (Rabies) 4
Coronaviruses 3
Caliciviruses 2
Hepatitis E Virus 1
Retroviruses (HIV) 7
Slow Viral Infections and Prions 6
Pathogens of Acute Respiratory Viral Infections 7
Acute Viral Intestinal Infections; Parenteral Hepatitis B, D, C, G 4
Superficial Mycoses (Tinea Versicolor, Piedra, etc.) 4
Oncogenic Viruses 6
Dermatophytoses (Microsporum, Trichophyton, Favus, Epidermophyton/Rubrophytosis, etc.) 7
Subcutaneous Mycoses (Sporotrichosis, Chromoblastomycosis, Mycetoma) 6
Systemic endemic mycoses (histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis) 7
Opportunistic Mycoses (Candidiasis, Aspergillosis, Pneumocystosis, etc.) 8
Opportunistic MycosesCandidiasis (Candida)Candida spp.ZygomycosisZygomycetesMicrosporidia and MicrosporidiosisMicrosporidiaAspergillosis (Aspergillus)Aspergillus spp.Penicilliosis (Penicillium)Penicillium spp.Fusariosis (Fusarium)Fusarium spp.Pneumocystosis (Pneumocystis jirovecii)Pneumocystis jirovecii
Mycotoxicoses 10
PneumocystosisPneumocystis jiroveciiMycotoxicosesAlimentary Toxic AleukiaFusarium graminearum MycotoxicosisFusarium nivalis MycotoxicosisToxicoses Caused by Penicillium and AspergillusPenicillium, AspergillusErgotismClaviceps purpureaAflatoxicosisStachybotryotoxicosisStachybotrysDiagnostics, Treatment, and Prevention of Mycotoxicoses
Amoebae (Amebiasis, Free-Living Amoebae) 2
DNA Viruses (Parvoviruses, Papillomaviruses, Adenoviruses, Hepatitis B Virus, Herpesviruses, Poxviruses, Anelloviruses) 13
ParvovirusesParvoviridaeHuman PapillomavirusesPapillomaviridaeHepatitis B VirusHepadnaviridaeHerpesvirusesHerpesviridaeAlphaherpesvirusesAlphaherpesvirinaeHerpes simplex virusHerpes simplex virusVaricella-zoster virusVaricella ZosterEpstein-Barr virusHuman gammaherpesvirus 4CytomegalovirusHuman betaherpesvirus 5Human herpesviruses types 6, 7, and 8RoseolovirusPoxvirusesPoxviridaeMonkeypox virusOrthopoxvirus monkeypoxAnellovirusesAnelloviridae
Ciliates (Balantidium coli) 2
Flagellates (Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Giardia, Trichomonas) 6
Sporozoans (Malaria, Babesia, Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis, Cryptosporidium, etc.) 7
Clinical Microbiology 22
Clinical microbiologyOpportunistic microorganismsLaboratory diagnostic methodsPre-analytical phase in microbiologyLaboratory phase of microbiological testingEvaluation of microbiological test resultsBlood culture testCerebrospinal fluid microbiological examinationUrine microbiological examinationStool microbiological examinationRespiratory tract discharge microbiological examinationWound microbiological examinationEye and ear discharge microbiological examinationHealthcare-associated infectionsOral cavity microfloraOral cavity biotopesDental plaqueOral streptococciStreptococcusObligate anaerobic flora of the oral cavityOdontogenic infectionsDental cariesCaries dentiumPeriodontal diseases
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