This section covers keratatomycoses—fungal infections affecting exclusively the stratum corneum of the epidermis and the hair cuticle without triggering a marked inflammatory response.
The material is structured from general to specific: first, we will examine the modern classification of fungal diseases and the general properties of superficial mycoses. We will then focus in detail on specific pathogens. The main focus is on the causative agent of tinea versicolor (pityriasis versicolor) (Malassezia furfur) and the causative agent of tinea nigra (Hortaea werneckii).
In practical classes and microbiology exams, examiners most frequently ask about the microscopic appearance of the smear (the famous "spaghetti and meatballs" sign for Malassezia), the triggers for the transition of the fungus from the yeast form to the mycelial form, and methods of laboratory diagnostics. Pay special attention to the rules for collecting clinical material.