Ashman phenomenonThe Ashman phenomenon is aberrant conduction through a bundle branch (most commonly the right) in a complex immediately following a relatively long RR interval and a short RR interval.
Katz-Wachtel phenomenonThe Katz-Wachtel phenomenon is an ECG pattern characterized by the simultaneous presence of a large R wave and a deep S wave in the mid-precordial leads (typically V2–V4).
Lewis leadThe Lewis lead is a modified bipolar lead created by placing the right and left arm electrodes on the anterior chest wall, which enhances atrial…
Wenckebach phenomenonThe Wenckebach phenomenon is the progressive lengthening of AV nodal conduction time from cycle to cycle, culminating in a dropped ventricular…
Nehb leadsNehb leads are three bipolar chest leads (Dorsalis, Anterior, Inferior) introduced as a supplement to standard leads for evaluating the posterior,
Slopak leadsSlopak leads represent a historical modification of precordial leads where the left arm electrode is placed on the back, and the chest electrodes record posterior to…
Additional leads V7–V9Additional leads V7–V9 are precordial leads positioned posterior to V6 at the level of the posterior and posterolateral walls of the left ventricle.
Right precordial leads V3R–V6RRight precordial leads V3R–V6R are additional ECG leads (right-sided leads) that record right ventricular potentials by placing the chest electrodes on the right…
T wave pseudonormalisationT wave pseudonormalisation is the temporary conversion of a previously inverted T wave into an upright one in the same patient, which may be mistakenly…
«R on T» phenomenonThe «R on T» phenomenon is the occurrence of a ventricular premature beat (or the first complex of ventricular tachycardia) so early that the R wave of the extrasystole falls on the T wave…
Sagittal heart position (S1S2S3)The sagittal heart position (S1S2S3 syndrome) is a descriptive ECG pattern characterized by a prominent S wave present simultaneously in standard leads I, II, and III.
Chatterjee phenomenon (cardiac memory)The Chatterjee phenomenon (cardiac memory) refers to persistent repolarization changes, predominantly involving the T wave, that occur following a period of abnormal depolarization…
Crochetage signThe crochetage sign is a distinct notch on the R wave in the inferior ECG leads, most commonly on the ascending limb or near the peak.
Lambda waveThe lambda wave is a non-standardized descriptive term for a prominent lambda-like J-wave or a notch at the end of the QRS complex, resembling in shape a…
Supernormal conductionSupernormal conduction is a paradoxical situation where an impulse is conducted through the AV node or His-Purkinje system better than expected, despite…
Concealed conductionConcealed conduction is the propagation of an electrical impulse through the conduction system (most commonly the AV node) that does not produce a distinct visible manifestation…
ParasystoleParasystole is an ectopic rhythm originating from an independent protected focus that functions concurrently with the underlying rhythm and periodically discharges the ventricles or…
Echo beatsEcho beats (reciprocal beats) are return complexes resulting from a single impulse passing through a closed re-entry circuit: anterogradely into one chamber and…
Luciani periodThe Luciani period is an older term for cyclic periodicity with progressive PR (PQ) interval lengthening followed by a dropped QRS complex, essentially synonymous with Wenckebach…
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