General overview and etiology
ARVI unites a group of respiratory system pathologies that share similar transmission mechanisms and clinical manifestations. Viral agents are tropic to the respiratory tract epithelium, which determines the primary tissue changes.
Pathogenesis and morphological changes
- Penetration of the pathogen into the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract.
- Development of dystrophic and necrotic processes.
- Inflammatory reaction with microcirculatory disturbances and exudation.
Alteration of the epithelium leads to impaired protective functions of the mucous membrane and the addition of secondary microflora.
Clinical and morphological manifestations
The disease is accompanied by damage to the upper and lower respiratory tract. Vascular congestion, edema, and cellular infiltration of tissues are observed, reflecting the classical stages of the inflammatory process.
ARVI: Edema, Reaction, Inflammation, Infiltration.
Class and exam questions
Which tissues are primarily involved in the pathological process in ARVI?
The respiratory mucosa epithelium is primarily affected, where virus replication and the development of alterative changes take place.
What vascular disorders are characteristic of inflammation in viral infections?
Marked hyperemia, increased vascular wall permeability, plasmatorrhagia, and diapedetic hemorrhages in the focus of inflammation are characteristic.
What else to study on this topic
- Features of the cytopathic effect of viruses
- Development of respiratory system complications
- Morphology of interstitial pneumonia
- Immunohistochemical diagnostics of respiratory infections
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