Log in
Infectious diseases

Acute intestinal infections

84 topics with brief overviews: definitions, key facts, and classroom questions.

Acute intestinal infections (AII) are among the most frequent reasons for consulting an infectious disease specialist and pediatrician. In this section, we thoroughly analyze the entire spectrum of pathogens: from classic bacterial infections (typhoid fever, cholera, shigellosis, salmonellosis) to viral gastroenteritis (rotavirus, norovirus) and severe foodborne toxic infections, including botulism.

Special attention is paid to pathogenesis and differential diagnosis. The materials will help you learn to clearly distinguish invasive diarrhea from secretory diarrhea, recognize escherichiosis, campylobacteriosis, and yersiniosis, and correctly interpret laboratory test results.

In clinical classes and examinations, the strictest requirements apply to rehydration therapy algorithms, strict indications for antibiotic administration, and management tactics for emergency conditions (e.g., hypovolemic shock). To reinforce theory, the section presents real clinical cases and principles for combating complications of AII.

Section Topics

Acute intestinal infectionsAcute intestinal infections (AII) are a group of diseases with a fecal-oralShigellosisShigellosisSalmonellosisSalmonellosisEscherichiosisEscherichiosisCholeraCholeraFoodborne toxic infectionsFoodborne toxic infections are a group of acute conditions caused by pCampylobacteriosisCampylobacteriosisYersiniosisYersiniosisRotavirus infectionRotavirus infectionNorovirus infectionNorovirus infectionEnterovirus infectionEnterovirus infectionAdenovirus infectionAdenovirus infectionDiagnosis of acute intestinal infectionsTimely and accurate diagnosis of intestinal infections is critical for prescDifferential diagnosis of AIIIn the differential diagnosis of acute intestinal infections, it is extremely importantTreatment of acute intestinal infectionsAcute intestinal infections require a comprehensive approach, including antRehydration therapyThe presented material lacks data on rehydration therapyAntibacterial therapy for AIIAlthough classical antibacterial therapy for acute intestinal infections (Pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy for AIIUpon the development of acute symptoms of gastrointestinal tract lesions, the mainEmergency conditions in AIIWhen emergency conditions develop, it is necessary to promptly assess the neurologicalPrevention of acute intestinal infectionsPrevention and control of acute intestinal infections are based on timelyIntestinal dysbiosisThe diagnosis of severe gastrointestinal tract lesions is based on tClinical cases of AIIAcute intestinal infections (AII) require instant response and accurateShigellosisShigellosisTyphoid feverTyphus abdominalisParatyphoid feversParatyphusBotulismBotulismusViral hepatitis with fecal-oral transmission mechanismHepatitis viralis AViral diarrheaViral diarrhea is a group of acute infectious diseases of the gastrointestinalTopical diagnosis of intestinal infectionsTopical diagnosis of intestinal infections is based on a thorough analysisYersiniosis and campylobacteriosisYersiniosis / CampylobacteriosisLaboratory diagnosis of intestinal infectionsLaboratory diagnosis of intestinal infections, in particular typhoid fever,Principles of treatment for acute intestinal infectionsTyphoid fever is an acute anthroponotic generalized intestinal infectionConvalescence period in acute intestinal infectionsThe convalescence period is the final stage of the infectious process, wComplications and prevention of acute intestinal infectionsWithin the diagnosis of intestinal infections, a special place is occupied by differentialYersiniosisYersiniosisAmebiasisAmoebiasisGiardiasisLambliosisGeneral characteristics of acute intestinal infectionsWithin the study of intestinal infections, special attention is paid to generalizedParatyphoid fevers A and BParatyphusPseudotuberculosisPseudotuberculosisEnteroviral infectionsEnterovirusComplications of acute intestinal infectionsComplications of acute intestinal infections pose a direct threat to lifeEscherichiosisThe presented clinical and epidemiological data describe rotavirus infectionBalantidiasisBalantidiasisDifferential diagnosis of infectious diseasesDifferential diagnosis of intestinal infections requires separating patholoDiagnostic methods for infectious diseasesDiagnosis of infectious diseases is based on a comprehensive approach,Botulism: definition, pathogenesis, and clinical featuresBotulismusBotulism: diagnosis, treatment, and preventionBotulism is a severe infectious-toxic disease characterized byClinical presentation of foodborne toxic infectionsBacterial food poisoning manifests as an acute lesion of the gastrointestinalStaphylococcal food poisoningIntoxicatio alimentaria staphylococcicaGastrointestinal form of salmonellosisSalmonellosisFood poisoning caused by Bacillus cereusBacillus cereusLaboratory diagnosis of food poisoningFood poisoning often has a short course, so the diagnosis is oftenTreatment of foodborne toxic infectionsTreatment of bacterial food poisoning requires immediate assessmentPrevention of bacterial food poisoningBacterial food poisoning is an acute condition frequently developingShigellosisShigellosisEtiology of shigellosisShigellaEpidemiology of shigellosisShigellosis (bacterial dysentery) is an acute or chronic intestinalPathogenesis of shigellosisShigellosis is a group of acute intestinal infections caused by bacteria of the genusPathological anatomy of shigellosisThe pathological anatomy and clinical picture of shigellosis are closely relatedClinical presentation of shigellosisShigellosis is an acute intestinal infection proceeding with intoxication syndromesForms of shigellosisShigellosis is an acute intestinal infection often proceeding with damage toDiagnosis of shigellosisDiagnosis of shigellosis is based on identifying the specific syndromeComplications of shigellosisSevere courses of shigellosis are often accompanied by pronounced dehydrationDifferential diagnosis of shigellosisAcute shigellosis (dysentery) is an acute bacterial intestinal infection,Treatment of shigellosisSuccessful therapy for acute intestinal infections requires precise verification of the dPrevention of shigellosisDespite the fact that users often search for information on preventiShigellosis in childrenAcute shigellosis (colitic variant) is an infectious disease,Etiology and pathogenesis of typhoid feverTyphoid fever is an acute anthroponotic generalized intestinal infectionClinical presentation of typhoid feverTyphoid fever is an acute infection with a fecal-oral transmission mechanism,Complications of typhoid feverTyphoid fever can lead to life-threatening conditions due to ulcerationDiagnosis of typhoid feverDiagnosis of typhoid fever is based on a thorough collection of epidemiological history, withTreatment of typhoid feverTreatment of typhoid fever requires strict consideration of the clinical form, severityPrevention of typhoid feverPrevention of typhoid fever is based on early detection of infectedEtiology and epidemiology of viral gastroenteritisViral gastroenteritis is a vast polyetiological group of acutePathogenesis of viral gastroenteritisRotaviruses are a leading cause of infectious gastrointestinal lesionsAdenoviral and astroviral gastroenteritisAdenoviridae, AstroviridaeClinical presentation of viral gastroenteritisViral gastroenteritis is characterized by a nonspecific clinical presentationDifferential diagnosis of viral gastroenteritisViral gastroenteritis requires careful differential diagnosisLaboratory diagnosis of viral gastroenteritisSpecific clinical signs in rotavirus infection are absentTreatment of viral gastroenteritisThe pathogenesis of viral diarrhea is predominantly hyperosmolar in naturePathogenetic therapy for viral diarrheaThe basis of a competent approach to managing patients with intestinal infectionsComplications of viral gastroenteritisThe severity of viral gastroenteritis is exclusively due to the development ofPrevention of viral gastroenteritisModern management of patients with viral gastrointestinal lesions

Frequently asked questions for this section

What is the mainstay of treatment for cholera?

Pathogenetic rehydration therapy is of primary importance. Glucose-electrolyte solutions are used.

Within what timeframe does a positive indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) result appear in shigellosis?

Specific antibodies in blood serum can be detected using the passive hemagglutination test starting from the end of the first week of the disease, with their maximum titer reached by the end of the second week.

Which variant of salmonellosis presents the greatest diagnostic difficulty?

The greatest difficulty is presented by the rarely encountered gastritic variant of salmonellosis, as it requires differentiation from acute surgical and somatic pathologies.

What is the main difference of ophthalmoplegic syndrome in botulism?

It includes bilateral mydriasis, eyelid ptosis, double vision (diplopia), and restricted eye movements, which are related to toxic damage to the nervous system rather than inflammation.

Can a diagnosis be made before bacteriological culture results are available?

Yes. A presumptive diagnosis ("Cholera, severe course") is formulated based on clinical and epidemiological data for the immediate initiation of life-saving therapy.

Why is the clinical and epidemiological diagnosis made before the results of the bacteriological culture?

Due to the high rate of development of dehydration or toxic reactions. It is impossible to wait for the culture; emergency therapy is started immediately, relying on the clinical picture and epidemiological history.

Master the complete topic in the «Infectious Diseases» course

This is a summary. The course covers everything tested in classes and exams.

  • 3,312 pages of study guides on all topics
  • Assignments and quizzes after every topic — just like in a colloquium
  • AI tutor answers questions on the topic anytime
  • 41 video lessons on the subject
Open full reviewSubject curriculumfrom 599 ₽ per month
All sections of the subject "Infectious Diseases"