Basic panel of laboratory tests
A definitive diagnosis is always made based on the medical history, physical examination of the patient, and additional diagnostic methods. Laboratory studies play a key role among these additional methods.
The basic, mandatory panel includes the following tests:
- Complete blood count (CBC) — ordered in a comprehensive format for a detailed understanding of the cellular composition.
- Biochemical blood test — performed in a general therapeutic format to assess the function of internal organs.
- Coagulogram — a preliminary study of the hemostatic system (blood coagulation).
- Urinalysis (UA) — traditionally accompanies blood tests for a comprehensive assessment of the urinary system.
In addition to clinical, biochemical, and coagulation tests, laboratory practice includes immunological studies and bacteriological (etiological) diagnostics. The latter, for example, aims to identify a specific tuberculosis pathogen using various available methods.
The role of laboratory tests in oncological diseases
Performing the full basic panel of laboratory tests is strictly recommended for all patients diagnosed with conditions such as gastric cancer or neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).
The main goal of such broad screening is to identify factors that can influence the choice of optimal treatment tactics and to adequately assess the patient's baseline general condition.
This approach has official justification:
- Level of Recommendation (LoR): C
- Level of Evidence (LoE): 5
Timing of studies
It is extremely critical to adhere to the correct timing for collecting biological material. This directly affects the safety of therapeutic interventions.
- Before initiating therapy: Absolutely all of the listed tests (clinical, biochemical, urinalysis, and coagulogram) must be performed strictly prior to planning any treatment method.
- During chemotherapy: This situation requires special monitoring. Complete blood count and biochemical blood tests must be performed before every new cycle of chemotherapy.
- Additional monitoring: All other studies during the treatment process are prescribed and performed exclusively based on clinical indications.
Class and exam questions
Which blood tests are included in the mandatory list?
The mandatory list includes a comprehensive complete blood count (CBC), general therapeutic biochemical blood analysis, and a coagulogram.
How often should blood tests be taken during chemotherapy?
Complete blood count and biochemical blood tests must be performed before each individual cycle of chemotherapy.
What is the purpose of a coagulogram?
A coagulogram is necessary for a preliminary assessment of the hemostatic system prior to planning any treatment method.
On what basis is the final diagnosis established?
Diagnosis is made comprehensively: based on the medical history, results of the patient's physical examination, and additional diagnostic methods, including laboratory tests.
What else to study on this topic
- Bacteriological (etiological) diagnosis of tuberculosis
- Preliminary assessment of the hemostatic system (coagulogram)
- Interpretation of the levels of recommendation (LoR C and LoE 5)
- Immunological methods of laboratory testing
- Features of diagnostics in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs)
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