Agents for external and topical use
This category includes nitrofural, which is used topically for the treatment and prevention of various purulent-inflammatory processes. It is actively utilized across various medical disciplines:
- Ophthalmology: for blepharitis and conjunctivitis.
- ENT pathology: for otitis media and tonsillitis.
- Dentistry: for stomatitis and gingivitis.
- Surgery: for osteomyelitis.
Medications for urinary tract infections (urinary antiseptics)
The main feature of urinary antiseptics lies in their ability to achieve high concentrations directly in the urine. This makes them indispensable for pathologies of the urinary system.
- Nitrofurantoin: taken orally 3–4 times a day. Prescribed for urinary tract infections (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis), as well as for prophylaxis prior to instrumental procedures such as cystoscopy or catheterization.
- Furazidin: also accumulates in urine. It is used both orally for the treatment of urinary tract infections and topically for washing wounds, body cavities, and for douches.
Drugs for the treatment of intestinal infections
These medications act selectively within the intestinal lumen due to being poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
- Nifuroxazide: indicated for various GI infections, including acute diarrhea and enterocolitis.
- Furazolidone: achieves a high concentration in the intestinal lumen due to poor absorption. It is used for bacterial and protozoal infections, including giardiasis and trichomoniasis.
Briefly: answers to topical questions
What is the dosage of furazolidone for adults?
For adults, furazolidone is prescribed in average therapeutic doses. Exact numerical values in milligrams are not specified in the sources; the duration of the treatment course is 5–7 days.
Features of the drug's use:
- Alternative therapy — used for moderate and severe acute intestinal infections, predominantly of the colitic variant.
- Local action — the drug is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, creating a high concentration in the intestinal lumen; used for bacterial and protozoal infections, including giardiasis and trichomoniasis.
- Hidden MAO activity — furazolidone has the ability to inhibit monoamine oxidase.
What is the antimicrobial spectrum of furazidin?
The antimicrobial spectrum of furazidin (Furazidinum) includes pyogenic coccal flora. The drug is a nitrofuran derivative and exhibits latent monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity.
Routes of administration:
- Oral — for urinary tract infections, as it accumulates in the urine.
- Topical — as a 0.1% solution for washing purulent wounds, abscess cavities, empyema, and purulent fistulae.
- Intravenous — administration in a dose of 300 mL is possible.
Uro- urine, entero- intestine: where they accumulate is where they work.
Class and exam questions
Where do urinary antiseptics create high concentrations?
Urinary antiseptics create high concentrations directly in the urine, allowing for effective targeting of urinary tract infection pathogens.
What are the indications for topical administration of nitrofural?
Nitrofural is used topically for osteomyelitis in surgery, blepharitis and conjunctivitis in ophthalmology, stomatitis and gingivitis in dentistry, as well as otitis and tonsillitis in ENT practice.
Why is furazolidone effective in intestinal infections?
Furazolidone is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby creating a high concentration within the intestinal lumen, which is necessary to combat bacterial and protozoal infections.
What else to study on this topic
- Pharmacokinetic features of nitrofurans
- Comparative characteristics of furazidin and nitrofurantoin
- Indications for the use of furazolidone in protozoal infections
- Prevention of urinary tract infections during instrumentation
- Topical forms of nitrofural in surgical practice
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