Chapter 5. Tooth Extraction Surgery (A.M. Panin, V.V. Afanasyev)
5 topics with brief reviews: definitions, key facts, and class questions.
This section is dedicated to the fundamental yet most frequent procedure in outpatient maxillofacial surgery — tooth extraction. Here, the principles of surgical intervention are detailed, ranging from instrument selection to final wound curettage.
The material covers four key topics: the classical surgical technique, a detailed classification of instruments (forceps and elevators), the specifics of managing complex clinical cases (removal of retained roots), and the concluding stage — proper management of the extracted tooth socket for complication prevention.
Practical classes and exams most frequently test the biomechanics of luxation, the rules for selecting forceps for specific maxillary and mandibular teeth, and the strict algorithm for socket revision. A firm grasp of these topics is the foundation of your future safe surgical practice.
Why does tooth extraction trigger a systemic bodily reaction?
Even with minimal trauma, severe psycho-emotional stress occurs (fear, clinic environment). This triggers negative emotions and temporarily disrupts the central nervous system, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems.
What is the main difference between maxillary and mandibular forceps?
In maxillary forceps, the handle axis and beak axis coincide or are parallel (straight, S-shaped). For the mandible, they form an angle (beaked).
Why is the maxillary first molar luxated in the palatal direction?
Unlike second and third molars, whose luxation proceeds in the buccal direction, the first molar is luxated palatally. This is due to the presence of a very dense bone formation—the zygomaticoalveolar crest—on the vestibular surface in this zone.
What to do if a tooth root is pushed into soft tissues during extraction?
If the root is palpable beneath the mucosa (often in the region of the mylohyoid groove), it is removed via an incision directly over it. If the displacement is deep (into the posterior sublingual region), extraction is performed strictly in an inpatient setting following X-ray diagnostics.
When is wisdom tooth extraction performed in acute pericoronitis?
Third molar extraction in the presence of inflammation is usually performed after inflammatory symptoms subside and a course of antibiotic therapy is completed.
Master the entire topic in the course "Surgical Dentistry"
This is a summary. The course covers everything tested in classes and exams.
866 pages of study guides on all topics
Assignments and quizzes after every topic — just like in a colloquium