Chapter 3. Patient Examination Features in Oral Surgery Practice (M.M. Pozharitskaya, V.V. Afanasyev)
6 topics with concise breakdowns: definitions, key facts, and class questions.
A thorough examination is the foundation of an accurate diagnosis and successful surgical intervention. This chapter covers clinical and adjunctive diagnostic methods for pathologies of the maxillofacial region (MFR) in outpatient settings.
This section covers the complete algorithm of actions for an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. You will learn the rules for targeted history-taking, the technique of external examination of the face and neck with lymph node palpation, and the procedure for a detailed intraoral examination. Special attention is paid to supplementary diagnostics: instrumental tests, selection of X-ray imaging methods for the MFR, indications for laboratory tests, and biopsy procedures.
During practical classes and examinations, the sequence of objective examination, the ability to interpret radiographs (especially in odontogenic inflammations and trauma), and the justification for choosing a biopsy method are strictly evaluated. A firm understanding of these topics is critical to preventing diagnostic errors in future practice.
Can a definitive diagnosis be made based solely on history-taking and physical examination?
No, the main examination methods (questioning and inspection) only allow for a provisional diagnosis. Additional instrumental and laboratory examinations are essential to formulate a definitive diagnosis.
How can a benign tumor be distinguished during the questioning stage?
Benign neoplasms are characterized by slow growth over several years, the absence of spontaneous pain, and no sharp deterioration in general well-being.
What does bright red facial skin resembling "flame tongues" indicate?
This is a pathognomonic (specific) sign of erysipelas.
How can temporomandibular joint disorders be distinguished from cicatricial contracture of the masticatory muscles?
For precise differential diagnosis, the physician palpates the temporomandibular joint through the external auditory meatus. This assesses the mobility of the condylar heads, as well as the range of their rotational and lateral excursions.
What is the difference between vertical and horizontal percussion?
Vertical percussion is performed strictly along the long axis of the tooth, whereas horizontal percussion is performed laterally in the cervical region of the tooth. Tenderness upon either indicates periodontal pathology.
What is the difference between orthopantomography and magnified panoramic radiography?
Orthopantomography provides an overview of the entire dentition with a 30% projection magnification. Magnified panoramic radiography provides a scale of 1.2 times and shows the structures of the anterior jaws in greater detail.
Master the entire topic in the course "Surgical Dentistry"
This is a summary. The course covers everything tested in classes and exams.
866 pages of study guides on all topics
Assignments and quizzes after every topic — just like in a colloquium