9 topics with a brief review: definitions, key facts, and classroom questions.
This section is dedicated to the basic principles of health preservation at the individual level. Personal hygiene is not merely handwashing, but a comprehensive approach to the daily interaction between the body and the environment, which directly determines the patient's quality and life expectancy.
Here we examine the rules for skin, hair, and oral care, as well as hygienic requirements for the microclimate of the sub-clothing space (choice of clothing and footwear). The fundamental block of the chapter includes the basics of a healthy lifestyle: principles and methods of hardening, structuring a rational work and rest schedule, sleep hygiene, psychological hygiene, and strategies for preventing bad habits.
In practical classes and examinations, the physiological mechanisms of thermoregulation during hardening, the hygienic evaluation of fabrics (thermal conductivity, breathability, hygroscopicity), and work schedule regulations are tested most rigorously. Pay special attention to these topics — this is where most tricky questions and clinical cases originate.
Why must hardening procedures be performed every day?
Daily repetition is necessary to consolidate trace reactions. With sporadic exposures, adaptation does not develop.
Why is it forbidden to swim while sunbathing during the initial stage of hardening?
Moisture on the skin's surface significantly increases its sensitivity to ultraviolet rays, which exponentially increases the risk of sunburn.
Why should laundry soap not be used for daily washing?
Laundry soap contains up to 2% free alkali (toilet soap contains no more than 0.05%). This leads to severe degreasing of the skin, dryness, and loss of protective properties.
Why do dentists recommend toothbrushes with artificial bristles rather than natural ones?
Natural bristles are hollow inside and rapidly accumulate microorganisms. Moreover, their tips cannot be rounded, causing them to injure the gums. Synthetic fibers lack these drawbacks.
Why should a new toothbrush not be boiled before its first use?
Boiling disrupts the structure of toothbrush materials (especially synthetic fibers and plastic). It is sufficient to rinse it with hot water and soap and treat it with alcohol.
Why should chewing gum not be used between meals?
This causes excessive salivation on an empty stomach, which contributes to the development of gastritis or peptic ulcer disease.
Master the entire topic in the "Hygiene" course
This is a summary. The course covers everything tested in classes and exams.
530 pages of study guides on all topics
Assignments and quizzes after every topic — just like in a colloquium