This section is dedicated to the anatomy of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which connects the central nervous system to tissues and organs throughout the body. It covers in detail the 12 pairs of cranial nerves—from the olfactory and optic to the vagus and hypoglossal—as well as the somatic nerves forming the cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral plexuses, including the largest sciatic nerve.
Special attention is given to the autonomic (vegetative) nervous system. The breakdown covers the sympathetic division (sympathetic trunk, celiac and abdominal aortic plexuses) and the parasympathetic division, including its cranial part with parasympathetic ganglia, the sacral part, and the intramural plexuses of internal organs.
During practical classes and anatomy exams, instructors most frequently ask about the innervation zones of the cranial nerves (especially the trigeminal and facial nerves), the branches of major limb nerve plexuses, the composition and topography of autonomic plexuses, and the pathways of parasympathetic fibers to the head and trunk organs.